Urban Osmosis
Kyle Fish, Tia Thompson, Zophia LiAddressing Extreme Urban Heat Via Diurnal Dehumidification/Evaporation Cycles Using Hydrogels
Abstract
We address the intensifying Urban Heat Island Effect in East Harlem, where limited access to air conditioning and distant cooling centers leave vulnerable populations exposed to dangerous summer heat.
We hypothesize that a passive, non-mechanical cooling system can provide distributed thermal relief at the pedestrian scale if it couples desiccant-based moisture capture with controlled evaporative release. Our proposed material system consists of soft panels incorporating a hydrogel layer, encapsulated behind a vapor-permeable, liquid-waterblocking membrane. This configuration enables the hydrogel to adsorb ambient humidity and release it selectively for evaporation, thereby extracting latent heat from the panel surface and dissipating thermal energy to the surrounding air.
Deployed as a collection of athletics facilities, our material system aims to aleviate the effects of Urban Heat Island Effect while providing public spaces for East Harlem residents.
Hydrogel acts as the catalyst for said phenomenal climate change through its material process of removing water from the air. It creates more comfortable environments and reduces mold and mildew. This is done with refigerant cooling and desiccant systems.
We hypothesize that a passive, non-mechanical cooling system can provide distributed thermal relief at the pedestrian scale if it couples desiccant-based moisture capture with controlled evaporative release. Our proposed material system consists of soft panels incorporating a hydrogel layer, encapsulated behind a vapor-permeable, liquid-waterblocking membrane. This configuration enables the hydrogel to adsorb ambient humidity and release it selectively for evaporation, thereby extracting latent heat from the panel surface and dissipating thermal energy to the surrounding air.
Deployed as a collection of athletics facilities, our material system aims to aleviate the effects of Urban Heat Island Effect while providing public spaces for East Harlem residents.
Hydrogel acts as the catalyst for said phenomenal climate change through its material process of removing water from the air. It creates more comfortable environments and reduces mold and mildew. This is done with refigerant cooling and desiccant systems.
Material Speculation
Qualifying Hydrogel and Secondary Material ProperitesActing Materials (Responsible For Phenomena)
- Made from synthesized monomers
- Hydrogels absorb about 500 times their weight in water.
- The porosity of hydrogels resembles living tissues
- They are used in fields like medicine, cosmetics, and agriculture
- Includes responsive and self healing properties
- A porous, highly adsorptive form of aluminum oxide
- Very high surface area due to network of microscopic pores
- High affinity for water vapor, commonly used in air and gas drying, water purification, and chemical processing
- Non-toxic and food safe
- Porous form of silicon dioxide
- Synthesized from sodium silicate
- Granular structure provides fast adsorption and desorption cycle
- Widely used in packaging, museums, and climate control to regulate humidity
- Low-cost and readily available
Supporting Materials (Responsible For Containment)
- Wood is a strong lightweight material that helps
- Provides structural support
- It also has the ability to expand and contract as it gains and loses water
- It will serve as a structural element in our material system
- Porous membrane
- Will protect desiccants from direct liquid-water exposure
- Allows moisture to escape as it evaporate
Inital Experiments
Quantifying Hydrogel’s Cooling Abilities through TestingMaterials Used: Hydrogel + Activated Alumina
Observation: Temperature and humidity were
monitored using hygrometers.
Result: Humidity was successfully reduced by ~6%.
A slight increase in temperature (0.5°F).
Hydrogel Results:Start:
Temp = 78.5°F | Humidity = 82%
After: Temp = 78.5°F | Humidity = 76%
Activated Alumina Results:
Start: Temp = 78.5°F | Humidity = 82%
After: Temp = 77.1°F | Humidity = 77%
Materials: Hydrogel, Tyvek sheet, Wood, Aluminum foil
Tests performed: Hydrogel glued to surfaces (wood, foil). Layers arranged to test humidity absorption and evaporation
Results:
Container before hydrogel and tyvek: 76.8 F - 70% Humidity
After: 77 F - 53.3% Humidity
All tests These results show the hydrogel is helping absorb humdifity on move the area closer into
the comfort zone, with even the assembly experimenting joining hydrogel and wood together posing to be near equivalent in temperature and efficent in humidity reduction at an outdoor scale.
Materials: Hydrogel, Tyvek
Test: The cooling effect of evaporation through
hydrogel
Observation:
Reduced temperature by 16 degrees.
Hydrogel:
Start: 93°F / 22% RH
After 45mins: 83°F / 28% RH
After 15hrs: 77.9°F / 23% RH
Result:
Humidity increased as evaporation started.
Temperature dropped 10 degrees
Material Assembly Development
Our research specualted a modular system of parabolic forms, conjoining together in a way that can aggregate into larger canopy systems. Diagrams and sketches viewed above highlighted different variations of the assembly and how it opened and closed to not only allow humid air to enter, but air to exit with ease in order to guarantee adqueate evaporative cooling and ventilation.
Final Prototype: Pratt SOA
Presentation of the Mock-Up and Research to a Review JuryCase Studies: East Harlem
Assembly Prototypes along Atheltic Infrastructure in Public SpacesGeneral Program
We are adopting our hydrogel material system by applying it to athletics and recreation, guaranteeing
that citizens feel comfortable while playing sports and enjoying the outdoors.
-
Basketball Court Water Station
-
Park Audience Seating Areas
- Outdoor Gym
Visiting Associate Professor
dborow64@pratt.edu
darrick@dba.nyc
718.399.4305
http://darrickborowski.com
http://are-a.net
http://materialphenomenal.com
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